什么是倒装句(倒装句的3类要点)

什么是倒装句(倒装句的3类要点)

倒装句是高中英语几乎年年必考的知识点之一，此类句型常将某些想要重点表达的部分提至句首，并将主语和谓语的词序颠倒。

倒装句一般而言有3类形式：完全倒装、部分倒装和虚拟语气倒装。

01

完全倒装

完全倒装是指主语和谓语的顺序完全颠倒，即从一般句式中“主+谓+其他”的形式变为“其他+谓+主”。

1. here, there放置于句首，谓语动词一般为：be, come, go。

There goes the bell.

Here comes the bus.

但当主语为人称代词时不引起倒装。

Here we are.

2. 表示位置转移的副词如 up, down, in, out, away, ahead 在句首。

Up went the rocket.

Away went the boy.

但当主语为人称代词时不引起倒装。

Away they went.

3. 句首状语为表示地点的介词词组。

In the centre of the square stands a high monument.

On the mountain lies a temple.

4. 分词结构位于句首。

Seated on the grass are a group of students.

Lying about on the floor are books and magazines.

02

部分倒装

部分倒装是指倒装时助动词、情态动词等提前，但核心谓语动词不变。

1. 句首有含有否定意义的副词如: never, little, seldom, rarely, not, hardly。

Little does he care for dress.

Hardly any sound could we hear.

Not a single mistake did he make in the test.

Not until then did he know the truth.

2. 在 so ... that, such ... that的结果状语从句中，so 位于句首。

So hot was the weather that we couldn’t sleep indoors.

So loudly did he shout that all the people in the room got a fright.

Such was the disaster that no one could escape.

3. so, neither, nor 做替代词指代上文情况。

Tim bought a nice bicycle.So did Liz.

I have no money with me.Nor/Neither have I.

so 表示对上文情况的肯定，“确实如此”，不用倒装。

He can speak good Chinese.

So he can.

4. only+状语在句首。

Only in this way can we succeed.

Only in my house do they feel at home.

Only then did he learn about the truth.

only 修饰主语不引起倒装。

Only Miller has got the invitation.

5. not only… but also… 当 not only 位于句首时 not only 部分引起部分倒装，but also 部分不引起倒装。

Not only could he type but also he could operate the computer.

not only…but also…连接并列主语不引起倒装。

Not only the children but also the grown-ups took interest in the cartoon.

注意: 让步状语从句中的 as 倒装结构。

Hard as he tried = Although he tried hard.

Boy as he is = Although he is a boy.

03

虚拟倒装

Were they here now, they could help us. = If they were here now, they could help us.

Had you come earlier, you would have met him. = If you had come earlier, you would have met him.

Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. = If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

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