so是什么意思(每日经典考点4：so句型分析)
so是什么意思(每日经典考点4：so句型分析)
so是英语中常用的一个词，它既可以作代词，又可用作副词，在中学英语中由其引起的句式结构较多，现归纳分析如下：
一、 so作代词时，用来表示前面提到的相同的人，物，事情或情况，常构成下列句式。
1、 so+be 助动词或情态动词+主语，这一结构用来表示前面所说的情况也同样适用于另一个人或物，意为 in the same way。
主语已经换成另外的主语，倒装
The boy died and a week later so did his sister.
I am an English teacher.So is my wife .
但若前面所提到的人或物是两个或两个以上的句子，并且其中既又肯定句，又有否定句；既含实意动词，又含系动词；主语既有表示人的，又有表示物的。这时应用“So it is was with”的句式。
Tom studies English well ,but he isnt good at maths.So it is with Kate.
汤姆英语学得很好，但他不擅长数学。凯特也是这样。
Wang lin is a Chinese girl ,and China is her homeland.So it is with me.
王琳是个中国女孩，中国就是她祖国。我也是这样。
2、so + 主语 + 动词，这一 结构用来表示对上文的情况给予进一步的肯定或确认。 主语还是那个主语，不倒装
—It was cold yesterday.
—So it was.
—The students study hard.
—So they do .
—He went to college last year .
—So I have heard.
3、主语+动词+so，这一结构意为照前面所说的做了某事或认为，希望，恐怕上文所说的事会发 生。
1 主语+do does,did+so
He said he would tell me the news,but he did not do so .
他说他会告诉我这个消息，但他没有告诉我。
2主语+hope expect,think ,believe ,suppose ,imagine ,be afraid + so
—Do you think his will come ? —Yes ,I think so.
你认为他会来吗？-是的，我想他会来的。
—Will it be fine tomorrow?—I hope so.
明天天气好吗？-希望如此。
注：在用这一结构来代替否定概念时 ，既可用so，亦可用not，在动词believe，expect，suppose，imagine，think 等的肯定形式后加not与否定形式后加so，两者在意义上没有区别。但在hope，be afraid 后代替否定概念时只能是not，而不能用so。
—Will he come here ? —No,I suppose not . No,I dont suppose so.
他会来这里吗？-不，我想他不会来。
Are we starting that again? I most sincerely hope not.
我们又要旧事重提了吗？我真的希望不要。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
Will it happen again? — I hope not, but you never know.
“这事还会再发生吗？”——“但愿不会，但谁知道呢。”
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
—Will you get the first prize? —Im afraid not. 不说Im not afraid so.
4、so也可用在if 后面，用来代替前面的内容，表示省略了一个从句。
Are you free this afternoon ?If so ,please go shopping with me .
You may have some difficulty in operating the machine at first ,if so, call me at once.
二、so用作副词时，表示程度。意为“这么”，“那么”，常构成下列句式结构：
1、so + 形容词 副词+that ,引导结果状语从句。
The book is so interesting that we all want to read it .
I was so busy that I had no time to write a letter .
运用这一结构时要注意以下三点：
1在so…that…引起的结果状语从句中，一般不用情态动词，但可用can/could.
He ran so fast that I couldnt catch up him.
2 在so…that …引起的结果状语从句中，that 可以省略。
He did so well he was pleased by the teachers.
3在so …that …引起的结果状语从句中，为了强调，可把so +adj adv提到句首，并形成部分倒装。
So excited was the boy that he couldnt speak .
2、so +adj +aan +n. +that ….和 so+many much ,few ,little+n. +that .
He is so busy a man that he has no time to play .
He has so many falls that he was black and blue all over .
3、so that …..,用来引导目的状语从句，其从句中的谓语动词常和can ,may ,might ,should等情态动词连用。
They set out early so that they might arrive in time .
Lets take the front seats so that we may see more clearly .
4、so as to 和so as….to
He stood up so as to see better.
Would you be so kind as to help me?
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